Indigenous voice polling: Essential, Newspoll and Redbridge (open thread)

Three polls record mixed signals on the Indigenous Voice from Victoria, and negative ones everywhere else.

Three polling items on the Indigenous Voice have emerged in the past few days, none of which offer encouragement for the yes campaign:

• The Guardian reports the fortnightly Essential Research has no leading yes by 47% to 43%, with small-sample breakdowns showing yes trailing in all mainland states but Victoria, where it leads 47-46. No leads 47-41 in New South Wales, 51-40 in Queensland, 48-39 in Western Australia and 48-45 in South Australia. The poll was conducted Wednesday to Sunday from a sample of 1150 – its voting intention results should be along later today.

• The Australian yesterday had state breakdowns of Indigenous Voice voting intention aggregated from Newspoll from late May through to mid-July, which find yes leading by 45% to 42% in New South Wales and 48% to 42% in South Australia, tied at 44% apiece in Victoria, and trailing by 54% to 39% in Queensland, 52% to 39% in Western Australia and 48% to 43% in Tasmania. The overall national results across the period in question had no leading 46% to 43%, from a sample of 5417. Support was highest among high income earners, young people, those with university degrees, non-English speakers and women.

• A Redbridge Group poll, which has been published in very great detail has no leading 56-44, with leads of 56-44 in New South Wales, 55-45 in Victoria and 63-37 in Queensland. The poll was conducted July 21 to 27 from a sample of 1022.

UPDATE (Essential Research): The primary votes from the Essential Research poll have Labor up two to 33%, the Coalition down two to 30%, the Greens down two to 12% and One Nation up one to 8%, with Labor up two points on the 2PP+ measure to 52%, the Coalition down three to 42% and undecided steady on 6%. However, further findings from the poll find the government performing badly on a range of issues, doing best on international relations with 24% positive, 47% neutral and 29% negative, but floundering on the Indigenous Voice and climate change and doing particularly badly on cost of living (9% positive, 21% average, 70% negative) and housing affordability (8% positive, 25% neutral, 67% negative).

A regular question on the national mood finds a two point decrease for the proposition that Australia is on the “right track” to 32% with wrong track steady on 48%. Fifty per cent believed marijuana should be “regulated and taxed by the government in a similar way to tobacco or alcohol”, with 26% opposed, but results were far less favourable in relation to other illegal drugs.

Author: William Bowe

William Bowe is a Perth-based election analyst and occasional teacher of political science. His blog, The Poll Bludger, has existed in one form or another since 2004, and is one of the most heavily trafficked websites on Australian politics.

1,858 comments on “Indigenous voice polling: Essential, Newspoll and Redbridge (open thread)”

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  1. RUSSIANS AND CHECHENS TURN ON EACH OTHER NEAR MARIUPOL

    “An exchange of fire has occurred between the Kadyrovites and representatives of the local so-called commandant’s office in the occupied settlement of Urzuf near Mariupol, with casualties among the Russians and civilian population [Kadyrovites are pro-Russian Chechen forces led by Ramzan Kadyrov, the Chechen leader – ed.].

    Source: Mariupol City Council in Telegram

    Quote: “A firefight took place yesterday [11 August] in temporarily occupied Urzuf near Mariupol with the participation of the Kadyrovites and the Urzuf commandant’s office.”

    Details: The mayor’s office said that at least 4 Russians were killed in the firefight, and there are also dead and wounded among the civilian population.”

    https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2023/08/13/7415348/

    Why can’t these Orcs and Goblins bog off back to Russia and rip each others’ throats out back there? Why do they have to drag innocent Ukrainian civilians into their orgies of homicidal mania?


  2. Sceptic says:
    Sunday, August 13, 2023 at 5:48 pm

    P1

    I think something wrong with the per capita calculation on that site

    It’s old data.

  3. RUSSIAN SOLDIERS DESERTING IN INCREASING NUMBERS IN OCCUPIED UKRAINE

    “Cases of desertion have become more frequent in the ranks of the Russian Armed Forces, and the Russian occupying authorities are conducting house-to-house raids in the occupied part of Kherson Oblast, looking for deserters.

    Source: Ukraine’s General Staff report on Facebook

    Quote: “Panic is on the rise among the occupiers, and the frequency of desertions is growing.

    Military patrols and military personnel from the commandant’s office (military police) of the Russian occupying forces are conducting house-to-house visits in the temporarily occupied settlement of Hornostaivka, Kherson Oblast, looking for deserters among their soldiers.

    The command is taking such actions since the number of deserters and individuals abusing alcohol and drugs has risen significantly among the newly arrived Russian military personnel in the settlement and its surroundings.”

    Details: The report says the Russian troops are leaving their places of service and trying to hide in abandoned buildings.”

    https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2023/08/13/7415356/

    This is what a country gets when it misuses its military (and military age male population) on such an outrageously immoral, illegal and destructive invasion as the one unleashed upon Ukraine by Putin and his regime in the Kremlin. These deserters should be given every opportunity to know they will find a safe haven from the ‘barrier troops’ on their own side if they surrender to the Armed Forces of Ukraine.

  4. “orcs” and “goblins” really?

    I get it in war you dehumanise the enemy – but jingoism / propaganda of this nature sitting comfortably and safely in Australia?

  5. Rex Douglas says:
    Sunday, August 13, 2023 at 5:14 pm
    …

    “If it was Morrison down on the sidelines photobombing the Matilda’s there’d be outrage on PB.”

    I can imagine what Morrison would have said if he was still at large and secretly Sports Minister:
    “I didn’t realise that women played football, but after the game Jen explained it to me, as she usually does.
    She said, “Scomo, those girls worked hard and beat the best in the world. They deserve a public holiday in their honour, and we should insist the states pay for it.”

  6. Personally, I’d be happy to see a public holiday announced if the Matildas won the world cup.

    Some econo-weasel will say it will drop industrial output 32%, raise inflation back above 6%, and double the cost of housing. I think that is all nonsense.

    It would probably stimulate activity in the entertainment and hospitality sector, which has been on its knees after two years of covid and not much support when Morrison left the Arts out of Jobkeeper. It has been a pretty depressing few years from the 2019 fires on, and I think most people would love to celebrate something.

  9. I mean, sure, there’s no real need for a public holiday to celebrate the Matildas’ win, but ultimately there isn’t really a need for public holidays on any day. Most people will be happy to just get the day off or the penalty rates. Public holidays kept me fed back when I worked at a supermarket.

  11. I think it’s excellent that the wombats will get some respite now that their tormenter is deep in the throes of device addiction.

  13. I think Meher Baba makes a good point about the drawbacks of an ad hoc public holiday. Disruption to work schedules and travel plans, that sort of thing. Nothing we can’t deal with. Other than that we’ve got a lot of whinging from the usual suspects that I’m happy to ignore.

    But the Matildas have to win two more games first. Sportsbet odds imply that the probability of that is about 18%.

    P.S. has anyone said when this holiday will be if that comes off?

  14. impromptu public holidays are a disaster. People who have waited weeks or months for certain appointments will now have their plans in disarray, and maybe have their health compromised.

  16. Late Riser says:
    Sunday, August 13, 2023 at 4:24 pm
    “Wouldn’t it be better for the Dems and the country if Joe took the issue off the table by retiring and allowing a fresh leadership team step up …?”
    —
    It would amplify/underline the issue. So … no.
    ——————

    Agreed LR.
    The argument over age is a sure sign the GOP and Trump are frightened of Biden otherwise they simply would’t be bothered. That point alone makes it worth keeping Biden.

    Notice how Biden doesn’t bother referring to his 77 yr old over-nourished opponent who has been charged with many criminal offences. Instead he lets Trump’s words and actions speak for themselves. Biden knows that Trump is his own greatest enemy.

  19. No PH – just a ticker tape parade in Sydney.

    Start at Opera House, through the Botanical Gardens on those little trains and back out near the Conservatorium, down Bridge and up George Street to the Town Hall

  20. Mabwm:

    Maybe they will start polling ChatGPT on voting intention instead. Enter in the question a thousand times or so and you’ve got a decent sample size.

  24. Will I get my Newspoll tonight, or have they sacked too many of their staff?
    ______
    The Australian is now using AI to generate it.

  25. BKsays:
    Sunday, August 13, 2023 at 7:19 pm
    Will I get my Newspoll tonight, or have they sacked too many of their staff?
    ______
    The Australian is now using AI to generate it.

    Brilliant

  26. “ Did anyone know about this?
    F-36 order for an additional 28 cancelled.
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IostTF7zKeQ”

    ________

    Yes.

    In truth this has been on the cards since the 2013 Defence White paper when the Gillard government restructured the F35 purchase order and order another 12 Superhornet Airframes as F18G Growler electronic warfare fighter bombers.

    Back in 2009 the then defence Minister Joel Fitzgibbon ordered that the second tranche of twelve F18F Superhornets be ‘prewired’ for conversion to growlers, but by 2013 the RAAF had a better grasp of both the capabilities of the twenty four F18 Superhornets they had then acquired and also a better understanding of what they were getting with the JSF, especially after the Obama administration had completely rebooted that particular program.

    A few things are worth noting:

    1. The USN only ever ordered 260 F35C variants of the joint strike fighter, which when combined with a further 80 F35C purchases by the USN marines, would give the navy the flexibility to have 1-2 JSF squadrons embarked on each one of their active super carriers, plus 1-2 squadrons of a mix of F18E (single seat fighters), F18Fs (two seaters), and F18G Growlers.

    In other words from the get go, the USN saw the JSF as the ‘high’ technology strike fighter in a mixed ‘high-low’ CAG (carrier air group). They were ahead of the game when compared with the USAF, who originally saw the F35 comprising the ‘low’ component with the ‘high’ tech F22. The USAf got the doctrine wrong, because if they actually comprehended the DoD requirements they would have realised that the JSF was always going to transcend the F22, and any other 5th gen plane in terms of technology.

    2. The brass in the USAF did not pay sufficient attention to the fact that the key attribute of the F35 was to fuse with pother platforms, including legacy platforms, as a battlefield ‘quarterback’ and force multiplier. As a consequence the USAF did not do anything to develop a comparative ‘low tech’ digital platformed ‘cheap and cheerful’ replacement for the F16. now, belatedly, they realise that which possessing a cheap ‘fly away cost’ the tech intensive F35 will always have a more expensive running cost, and they are scrambling to catch up. That’s why the had of the USAF came out and compared the F35 to a Ferrari and noted that for many missions all the airforce would need was the equivalent of a pick up truck. He foreshadowed cutting the final USAF order for the f35A in half, but also floated a pitch for a ‘cheap’ digital ‘pick up truck’ replacement for the F16. Further clarification indicated that the fly away cost of such a plane was unlikely to be much cheaper than the F35A, but ist operating costs might come in at around a third to half the operating costs of the JSF.

    As an aside, I suspect that the USAF may end up getting a few hundred ‘digital F16s’, or a ‘de-tuned’ F35A (so without all of the stealth coating and perhaps with a slightly smaller and less powerful – but hence less expensive to maintain – engine and afterburner). However, what i also suspect is that the USAF’s concerns will be soon overtaken by the rapid development of autonomous drones and AI. I suspect that within a decade the USAF will settle on a front line tactical fighter fleet looking something like this:

    *500 odd plane mix of F22s and new F15X ‘silent eagles’ (a 4.5 generation plane) – which will ultimately be replaced by the 6th generation fighter program under development;

    *1000-1200 F35As;

    *1000 odd plane mix of legacy platforms plus digital F16s (which will ultimately be replaced by more autonomous AI/drones); and

    *1000+ AI/drones (which will increase in number over the following decades as manned platforms slowly disappear.

    3. Anyhoo, with all that in mind, one can see how well placed the RAAF is now with its tactical fighter wings. There is no need to go looking for the ‘low’ tech part of a ‘high-low’ combined airforce, because the F18 platform is ideal. Plus all of our airframes are still well within the first half of their expected lifecycle. Moreover they are already a digital platform. We purchased the ‘block 2’ version, which is capable of being upgraded to ‘block 3’ standard, which makes them a genuine 4.5 generation plane. Part of the ‘cancellation’ announcement includes a commitment to upgrade the RAAFs F18Fs to full block 3 standards. When fused in combination with the F35 ‘quarterback’ they will be a fearsome prospect for any adversary to face off against for the remainder of their life span.

    Moreover, both the F35 and f18 will be fused with the loyal wingman ‘autonomous drone’ Ghostbat plane. Given the recent advances in AI, the force multiplier effect of having say 1 squadron each of F35s, F18s, half a dozen F18G growlers tasked with taking out SAM sights, plus swams (say a wave of 30-50+) Ghostbats, all engaged simultaneously over the one battle front is a truly awesome capability. A true air supremacy capability.

  28. frednk @ #1802 Sunday, August 13th, 2023 – 5:58 pm


    Sceptic says:
    Sunday, August 13, 2023 at 5:48 pm

    P1

    I think something wrong with the per capita calculation on that site

    It’s old data.

    Gosh! Did China finally pip us at the post on coal in 2022? The bastards! That would probably be because they need that energy to produce things that we then import, because we can’t do that here any more.

    Anyway, never mind – our increasing use of gas will make up the difference. And we will never be beaten by them on per-capita emissions – our emissions are more than two times theirs! …

    https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/co-emissions-per-capita

    Take that China!

  29. AE
    So how did the air force get it so right and the navy so wrong?

    And another question, if the Liberals are so keen on NE, why didn’t they go for the french sub which is based on the same technology used in commercial reactors, skills learnt would have been transferable, instead of the out there defense reactors?

  30. P1
    We are moving to a renewable grid while increasing our population and moving to electric cars we have reduced our energy use, not a bad achievement.

    A major contributor to our coal usage is aluminum production (15%) which is continuing, as is China’s, which is increasing.

    Sometimes P1 it is best to stop digging.

  31. “ So how did the air force get it so right and the navy so wrong?”

    Noonan and his band of merry forelock tugging ex – frigate commanders.

    Until they seized the reigns iof the RAN, the navy was tracking quite nicely …

  32. Lars, it isn’t anything I’m calling them that is dehumanising the Russian soldiers in Ukraine, but the depravity of their own actions.

    Edit: this does not apply to those decent Russian soldiers who desert or who surrender to the AFU. All power to them, I say. The others, not so much. 😡

  33. “ And another question, if the Liberals are so keen on NE, why didn’t they go for the french sub which is based on the same technology used in commercial reactors, skills learnt would have been transferable, instead of the out there defense reactors?”

    ____

    A Morrison-Noonan brain fart.

    Noonan was doing ‘the loyal toast’ rounds of the Royal Navy wardrooms in blighty for over a year before the Attack class cancellation-AUKUS announcement.

    Johnson sold them a pup: namely that nuclear subs could be purchased ‘off the shelf’ from either the Americans or Brits like a tradie could buy a battery pack ‘off the shelf’ from Bunnings. … no refuelling = no nuclear industry required. Just turn up and press go. …

    Biden was just happy to pick up australia ‘for free’ in his ‘contain China’ shit-fuckery.

  34. Frednk

    “ So how did the air force get it so right and the navy so wrong?”

    A good question. This is not the only example. The RAAF programs to develop the Airbus based tanker and 737 based Wedgetail AEW aircraft were both arguably trend setting in NATO allied air forces.

    I can only suggest the answer is “technical expertise”, or lack thereof in the army and navy.

    The navy focused elements of DSTO were actually cut in the last two decades. We used to have a lot of in house technical experts (up to PhD level) in areas like ASW and weapons design, which is why projects like the ANZAC frigate upgrade went so well. Several friends I know who worked on elements like sonar, torpedo programming and detection have all retired. Problem is they were not replaced at level.

    Also I think careerism is a factor. There seems a strong tendency in navy to find jobs for senior officers in procurement after their sea going days are over. But what if they have zero skills, quals and experience in engineering and project management? In the USN every sub procurement manager has to have a degree in marine and/or nuclear engineering as well as being a USN officer. The RAN (and RN) has no equivalent rule.

    Like Andrew Earlwood I am quite comfortable with the F35 decision, as long as it is not simply an excuse to cut money, and is followed up with further funding for development and production of more Ghost Bats.

  35. Further to my comments on the reduction of in house technical expertise in the RAN, the Royal Navy went the same stupid way, preceding our navy in the process. In the RN they cut the in house naval architecture division in the admiralty back in the 1990s. They were all privatised. This was about the time the Astute class was going through design. It caused many problems.

    This has resulted in many technical problems in RN warship delivery projects, since 2000 including Astute (many problems with design and manufacturing that were only fixed by US assistance), Type 45 destroyers (unreliable due to engine problems, requiring major rebuild of entire class), QE carriers (various faults in propulsion creating unreliability and breakdowns) and Type 26 frigates (delays in electric drive development). All of these projects ran years late and over budget.

    So the very anglophile attitude of senior RAN commanders is ironic and unfortunate. They idolise the navy that used to be the best, but no longer is.

  36. Atlanta-area prosecutors investigating efforts to overturn the 2020 election results in Georgia are in possession of text messages and emails directly connecting members of Donald Trump’s legal team to the early January 2021 voting system breach in Coffee County, sources tell CNN.
    Fulton County District Attorney Fani Willis is expected to seek charges against more than a dozen individuals when her team presents its case before a grand jury next week. Several individuals involved in the voting systems breach in Coffee County are among those who may face charges in the sprawling criminal probe.
    Investigators in the Georgia criminal probe have long suspected the breach was not an organic effort sprung from sympathetic Trump supporters in rural and heavily Republican Coffee County – a county Trump won by nearly 70% of the vote. They have gathered evidence indicating it was a top-down push by Trump’s team to access sensitive voting software, according to people familiar with the situation.
    Trump allies attempted to access voting systems after the 2020 election as part of the broader push to produce evidence that could back up the former president’s baseless claims of widespread fraud.

  37. This is how everyday Russians are increasingly waking up to the reality of how their Kremlin is treating their own soldiers:

    “Russian soldiers mobilized a year and more ago are not being given the option to leave the army and are instead being forced to sign contracts for further service, according to a conversation in an intercepted phone call.

    In the recording published by Ukraine’s Military Intelligence (HUR), the partner of a Russian soldier tells him to “prepare for the worst” and be prepared to pay a bribe in order to come home again.

    “So in short, you will not be demobilized but forced to sign contracts? Such f***ers, holy s**t. And what to do now in such a situation? Either sign or..F**k.

    “I’ll be candid – don’t sign the contract. No matter the pressure, resist them. F**k them.”

    The woman then claims the aim of Putin’s “SVO” (Special Military Operation) is the “disposal” of the Russian population.

    “Yura, it’s like using people,” she says. “They are just getting rid of people. They don’t need people.

    “They see you as nothing more than meat. Yes, it’s true, money still holds a role, but their intentions are to eliminate as many people as possible.

    “This truth is no longer hidden. And all those on the front line grasp this reality.””

    https://www.kyivpost.com/post/20499

    And some people here think that what dehumanises these Russian soldiers is some little commenter on the other side of the world calling them nasty names. How stuck up their own arse some people here are. Lars? Thoughts?

  39. Further to what Socrates has opined, the RAAF have done quite well in terms of its acquisitions over the past 40 years:

    The Jindalee Over the Horizon Radar network (although we should also have an indigenous spy satellite network, IMO)

    F18A/B Hornets in the 80s

    Wedgetails

    Airbus Air-refuellers

    F18Fs, as an ‘interim’ replacement for the venerable F111 and now to be used as a mixed battle group with all our other assets

    Posiden reconnaisance planes

    C17 heavy transports

    Global Hawk long range reconnaissance drones

    The F35A program

    F18Gs

    The Loyal Wingman – Ghostbat program

    Along the way there have been some bad choices like the Spartan (which looked to be a fine and mature program when selected) and for the life of me I still cannot fathom $10 billion for 24 new Hercules. Someone is have a huge lend at tax payers expense there.

    Also, the resistance to acquiring a small number of F35Bs and placing them on our LHDs is not well thought through in my view.

    As is the decision to not pursue at this stage getting into the B-21 program.

  40. LVT – whatever. Carry on getting yourself riled up about a bit of name-calling those Russian soldiers and their families will never hear anyway. You concern here is very misplaced. It is time the West took considerably more muscular action in dragging Russia’s depraved military right out of Ukraine, where they have killed more than 10,000 civilians – more than 500 of them children – and have raped, tortured, imprisoned, abducted, looted and made homeless millions more. Ukrainians are already doing their absolute level best. Those around the world who also claim to oppose these things need to saddle up as well.

  42. How stuck up their own arse some people here are. Lars? Thoughts?

    My thoughts are that I just deleted two of your comments, for precisely the reasons indicated by Lars, without having seen his comment first.

  43. Frednk

    “ And another question, if the Liberals are so keen on NE, why didn’t they go for the french sub which is based on the same technology used in commercial reactors, skills learnt would have been transferable, instead of the out there defense reactors?”

    Further to the attitudes of senior RAN officers, I have to suspect the politicians involved in this and plain old greed. BAE and Rolls Royce stand to gain hugely from SSN AUKUS, and both have liberal connected lobbyists and a few ex Liberal ministers. It would be easy to offer a few generous commissions.

    I say this because for civilian nuclear power as well, there is no technical reason to go with UK. France has a far bigger nuclear industry and more technical capacity to assist. France (Areva Technicatom) is the largest supplier of nuclear reactor cores in the world outside of USA. Read the history of Hinkley Point C to understand the woes of the UK industry.

    As with frigates and subs, they would love Aussie money to refinance the rebuilding of their skill base.

  44. frednk @ #1830 Sunday, August 13th, 2023 – 7:51 pm

    P1
    We are moving to a renewable grid while increasing our population and moving to electric cars we have reduced our energy use, not a bad achievement.

    A major contributor to our coal usage is aluminum production (15%) which is continuing, as is China’s, which is increasing.

    Sometimes P1 it is best to stop digging.

    I’m not digging. Although I do admit to falling down the rabbit hole people like you and Boerwar dig by comparing Australia to China. This is just another aspect of the constant “But China …” claptrap we get here constantly, and I should have known better than to fall into it.

    We should not be comparing ourselves to other countries, we should be comparing ourselves to what we know we need to do and what we know we can afford to do to address the climate catastrophe we are all facing. Especially given that there are many countries with neither our wealth nor our natural advantages that simply cannot do so.

    Our current policies are complex, costly, and insufficient to the point of being not just pointless window-dressing, but actually counterproductive in some cases. They are now known to be not ambitious enough to meet even our own paltry targets, let alone boast about in comparison to the policies of other countries.

    Just as a for instance – boasting about the uptake of electric vehicles in Australia is simply absurd. Are you not aware of how far behind comparable countries we are in this particular area?

  45. Your just another chickenhawk – talking tough (albeit obsessively) from the safety of your keyboard.

    So then what’s a valid opinion for someone remote from the conflict to express, in your view? No talking tough, clearly. What then, silence?

  46. William, hint taken. Here’s my second attempt:

    “Russian shelling killed seven civilians in Kherson Oblast on the morning of Aug. 13, Interior Minister Ihor Klymenko wrote.

    Five people were killed by shelling in the village of Shyroka Balka, including a family of four: parents and their two children, a 12-year-old son and a 23-day-old new baby.

    The boy died in the hospital, while the rest of the victims were killed on site.”

    https://kyivindependent.com/russian-attacks-kill-5-including-baby-in-kherson-oblast/

    Terrible, terrible behaviour by the Russian military, killing innocent civilians like that. And a baby less than one month old! They really do need to be stopped from committing atrocities like this, and then held to account afterwards for these callous murders.

    You are right, William, it is better if I don’t relinquish the moral high ground in knuckleheaded ways.

  48. Holdenhillbilly @ #1839 Sunday, August 13th, 2023 – 8:23 pm

    Atlanta-area prosecutors investigating efforts to overturn the 2020 election results in Georgia are in possession of text messages and emails directly connecting members of Donald Trump’s legal team to the early January 2021 voting system breach in Coffee County, sources tell CNN.
    Fulton County District Attorney Fani Willis is expected to seek charges against more than a dozen individuals when her team presents its case before a grand jury next week. Several individuals involved in the voting systems breach in Coffee County are among those who may face charges in the sprawling criminal probe.
    Investigators in the Georgia criminal probe have long suspected the breach was not an organic effort sprung from sympathetic Trump supporters in rural and heavily Republican Coffee County – a county Trump won by nearly 70% of the vote. They have gathered evidence indicating it was a top-down push by Trump’s team to access sensitive voting software, according to people familiar with the situation.
    Trump allies attempted to access voting systems after the 2020 election as part of the broader push to produce evidence that could back up the former president’s baseless claims of widespread fraud.

    RICO
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racketeer_Influenced_and_Corrupt_Organizations_Act

    The problem (for the bad guys) is that RICO ensnares everyone proven to be in the corrupt organization. A question immediately occurs; what organisation?

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